马六甲蘇丹王朝终点
置身巴莪河河口, 憑吊古战场。回顾500年前, 葡萄牙军与马六甲王朝军队的浴血大战。
500年前, 马六甲苏丹王朝在麻河与巴莪河交接地建造城堡, 以此为基地, 计划反攻马六甲.
他们从麻坡潛回马六甲，执行破坏活动，同时制止麻坡糧食物产输往马六甲，与萄人对抗。
1520年6月, 葡萄牙人率500军队追杀至此，搗毁城堡, 击跨苏丹军队。最后马六甲王朝就在此地寿终正寐。
歷史學家R.O.
Winstedt 寫道，1520年6月...葡軍司令加西亞.德.薩決定盡可能去摧毀麻坡河上的要塞巴莪，因為蘇丹的头目們是從這里向馬六甲發動進攻的。他率領一支由五百人組成的軍隊，其中一百五十名是葡萄牙人，進行一次猛烈的襲擊，把馬來人的艦隊和堡壘都燒毀掉。
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| 今天巴莪河河口的Berohol 村，是500年葡馬交战的古战場。 |
巴莪河旁城堡煙消雲散，如今只能閱史書，想像當年情景。
這是早年葡萄牙人笔下的马来堡垒:一一
两層硬木圍牆，中间填泥。外圍壕溝，内插尖木，尖端有毒。同时設有陷阱，树叶掩盖。
CONCERNING THE FORTRESSES.
The fortresses and fortifications of the Malayos were usually structures composed of earth placed between plank uprights.
" Nyboés” palms, very hard and strong, for constructing defences .... are used for fortifying the centres .
In addition to their fortifications, they dig deep pits in front of wooden fences; these pits contain traps and pointed sticks treated with poison; they also make use of holes covered with branches, and of traps set in ambush, with which they inflict much damage.
---- Godinho De Eredia 1613
两層硬木圍牆，中间填泥。外圍壕溝，内插尖木，尖端有毒。同时設有陷阱，树叶掩盖。
CONCERNING THE FORTRESSES.
The fortresses and fortifications of the Malayos were usually structures composed of earth placed between plank uprights.
" Nyboés” palms, very hard and strong, for constructing defences .... are used for fortifying the centres .
In addition to their fortifications, they dig deep pits in front of wooden fences; these pits contain traps and pointed sticks treated with poison; they also make use of holes covered with branches, and of traps set in ambush, with which they inflict much damage.
---- Godinho De Eredia 1613
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| 葡萄牙人筆下的馬來武士：沙龍、長矛、马来短劍、赤足，矛尖和剑锋有毒。 |
马来兵器和战术--
在葡萄牙人笔下，马来军队常用之战术是，在密林狹道埋伏和袭击。靠人數优势袭敌。马来人在战场上常用之兵器是:
弓箭、长矛、巴冷刀和马耒Keris短剑、盾牌和喷筒。喷简射出的针头有毒， 马来短剑塗有剧毒，一般上马来人兵器上都塗毒液，尤其是箭头.
The armed forces of the Malayos make use of attacks and sallies in mass formation，...... ambush in the narrow paths and woods and thickets, and then make an attack with body of armed men.
The arms which they ordinarily use in warfare are the sword, shield, lance, bows and arrows, an:d blow-pipes with poisoned darts.The sword is called “Padan” , it has a single edge. The dagger, called Crîs" , is made of fine steel; it bears a deadly poison; the sheath is of wood; the hilt is of animals' horn, or of rare stone, or of gold and precious gems.
The steel is treated in such a way that every injury is followed by immediate death when the wound draws blood.
弓箭、长矛、巴冷刀和马耒Keris短剑、盾牌和喷筒。喷简射出的针头有毒， 马来短剑塗有剧毒，一般上马来人兵器上都塗毒液，尤其是箭头.
The armed forces of the Malayos make use of attacks and sallies in mass formation，...... ambush in the narrow paths and woods and thickets, and then make an attack with body of armed men.
The arms which they ordinarily use in warfare are the sword, shield, lance, bows and arrows, an:d blow-pipes with poisoned darts.The sword is called “Padan” , it has a single edge. The dagger, called Crîs" , is made of fine steel; it bears a deadly poison; the sheath is of wood; the hilt is of animals' horn, or of rare stone, or of gold and precious gems.
The steel is treated in such a way that every injury is followed by immediate death when the wound draws blood.
---- Godinho De Eredia 1613
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| 麻河與支流巴莪河位置圖。 |
他說，最後，海上吉卜賽人把拜里米蘇拉帶領到馬六甲，在1403年前不久，他就移居馬六甲。
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| 马六甲苏丹王朝起點：麻坡文打河煙旁的Kubu Biawak Busuk 和丹戎实拉务麻河旁的Kubu Kota Buruk .拜里迷蘇拉在這兩地建馬來城堡。 |
Kota ini menjadi lokasi terawal Pusat Pentadbiran Parameswara sebelum baginda membuka Kota Melaka pada tahun 1403.
Mengikut
fakta sejarah, Kota Buruk dipercayai dibina oleh Parameswara pada abad
ke-14 selepas mendapati Kota Biawak Busuk tidak lagi sesuai untuk
dijadikan pusat pentadbiran serta kediamannya selepas melarikan diri
dari Temasik atau kini dikenali sebagai Singapura.
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| 麻坡畫家Sabaria 筆下的文打煙战役，葡萄牙軍猛攻，馬來軍抵抗。 |
